There are in Colombia, two main sources of emeralds. The Muzo and the Chivor Mines. Muzo, 105 Km north of the Capital city of Bogota, D.C., with an area close to 360 Km2, is located 600 meters (1800 feet) above sea level. The mine embraces the Itoco River a tributary to the Minero River. Worth mentioning in the Muzo area are the mines of Tequendama, Santa Barbara, El Cholo, Coscuez, and Peñas Blancas. This mining district is controlled by the Colombian Government and exploited private companies through term contracts. Chivor, on the other hand, is located 165 Km. Northeast of Santafe de Bogota, D.C., in territory of the municipality of Almeida, in Boyaca. The mine oversees the confluence of rivers Lengupa and Rucio, which together become the Guavio River. It is located 1800 Mts. (5400 ft) above sea level, and holds two main mining centers: Buenavista, with Las Vegas and San Juan, 8 Km away from each other, and Gachala. Chivor and Muzo areas are operated through concession by the government.

 
 
 
 
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